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8/13/24 (updated 12/15/25)John Ruskin (1819–1900) was a leading Victorian English writer, art and architecture critic, and social thinker whose ideas deeply influenced aesthetics and social reform.Basic biographyRuskin was born on 8 February 1819 in London and died on 20 January 1900 at Brantwood, near Coniston in the Lake District. Trained at Oxford, he first became prominent in the 1840s and remained an important public intellectual for much of the nineteenth century.Roles and fieldsHe was a polymath: writer, lecturer, art historian, draughtsman, and philanthropist, active in subjects ranging from art and architecture to geology, botany, and political economy. Ruskin is often described as the most influential art and architecture critic of the nineteenth century and a prime example of the Victorian “sage” or prophetic moral essayist.Major worksRuskin’s early fame came from Modern Painters, begun in the 1840s as a defence of J. M. W. Turner and an argument for truth to nature in art. His other key books include The Seven Lamps of Architecture and The Stones of Venice on architectural theory, and Unto This Last, which set out his critique of contemporary political economy.Ideas and influenceRuskin insisted that art has a moral and social purpose and linked aesthetic value to honesty, craftsmanship, and the conditions of workers’ lives. His social and economic writings, which attacked laissez‑faire capitalism and stressed the dignity of labour, influenced later reform movements, including the Arts and Crafts movement and early welfare‑state thinking.LegacyHe founded the Guild of St George, a small utopian association meant to foster just, communal living, traditional crafts, and the preservation of nature. Ruskin’s criticism shaped artists such as the Pre‑Raphaelites and helped inspire later figures including Tolstoy and Gandhi, ensuring his continuing importance in art history, literature, and social thought.Source: Perplexity.ai--G. Lykeyword: 19thCentury,
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"The Harbours of England" is a book written by John Ruskin, a prominent English art critic and social thinker. The book was first published in 1856 and describes the harbors of England in detail, including their history, architecture, and natural beauty. It is considered one of Ruskin's most important works and is known for its vivid descriptions and beautiful illustrations. The book has been republished several times over the years and is still available for purchase today1234. Perplexity.aiJohn Ruskin first came to widespread attention for his support for the work of J. M. W. Turner and his defence of naturalism in art. Later he was the executor of Turner's will. GoogleJohn Ruskin (1819-1900) was an English writer, philosopher, art critic, artist, and social thinker of the Victorian era. He is considered the leading English art critic of the Victorian era and the father of modern art criticism. Ruskin wrote on a wide range of subjects, including geology, architecture, myth, ornithology, literature, education, botany, and political economy. He was also a talented watercolorist, teacher, and geologist. Ruskin's ideas and concerns are widely studied and discussed today, and his reputation has steadily improved since the 1960s with the publication of numerous academic studies of his work. Ruskin's relationship with Turner cemented after the artist died in 1851, and Ruskin cataloged nearly 20,000 sketches that Turner gave to the British nation123. Perplexity.ai
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Exhibit covering all the images, drawn by Ruskin, from the first two (of three) volumes. His categorization of marble types in Venice reminds me of Die Schrift, a book and exhibit on The Digital Gallery about fonts. "John Ruskin (8 February 1819 – 20 January 1900) was an English writer, philosopher, art critic and polymath of the Victorian era. He wrote on subjects as varied as geology, architecture, myth, ornithology, literature, education, botany and political economy." Wikipedia"Ruskin's writing styles and literary forms were equally varied. He wrote essays and treatises, poetry and lectures, travel guides and manuals, letters and even a fairy tale. He also made detailed sketches and paintings of rocks, plants, birds, landscapes, architectural structures and ornamentation. The elaborate style that characterised his earliest writing on art gave way in time to plainer language designed to communicate his ideas more effectively. In all of his writing, he emphasised the connections between nature, art and society. Ruskin was hugely influential in the latter half of the 19th century and up to the First World War. After a period of relative decline, his reputation has steadily improved since the 1960s with the publication of numerous academic studies of his work. Today, his ideas and concerns are widely recognised as having anticipated interest in environmentalism, sustainability and craft." Wikipediakeyword: artarch
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