Drumlins are lenticular-shaped hills that were formed by glacial ice during the Pleistocene glacial period[1][2][3]. Some key facts about drumlins:
- They are abundant in the vicinity of Boston and other areas that were covered by glaciers during the Ice Age[1][2].
- Drumlins are composed of glacial till and are oriented in the direction of glacial flow, with a gentle slope on one side and a steeper slope on the other[3].
- The term "drumlin" comes from the Irish word "droimnín" meaning a rounded hill[5].
- Drumlins provide evidence of the direction and movement of glaciers during the Pleistocene. Their presence and orientation helps geologists reconstruct the dynamics of past glaciation[5].
So in summary, drumlins are distinctive glacial landforms that were created by the movement of ice sheets and glaciers during the Ice Age, and their study helps shed light on the glacial history of affected regions like New England[1][2][3][5].
Drumlins are lenticular-shaped hills that were formed by glacial ice during the Pleistocene glacial period[1][2][3]. Some key facts about drumlins:
- They are abundant in the vicinity of Boston and other areas that were covered by glaciers during the Ice Age[1][2].
- Drumlins are composed of glacial till and are oriented in the direction of glacial flow, with a gentle slope on one side and a steeper slope on the other[3].
- The term "drumlin" comes from the Irish word "droimnín" meaning a rounded hill[5].
- Drumlins provide evidence of the direction and movement of glaciers during the Pleistocene. Their presence and orientation helps geologists reconstruct the dynamics of past glaciation[5].
So in summary, drumlins are distinctive glacial landforms that were created by the movement of ice sheets and glaciers during the Ice Age, and their study helps shed light on the glacial history of affected regions like New England[1][2][3][5].
legend...I wonder how it relates to historical time periods
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tomadmin
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two hikers in the foreground
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tomadmin
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Southeastern Alaska and the city of Sitka
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tomadmin
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“driftless” area of Wisconsin
A driftless area is a region that was not covered by glacial ice during the last ice age. The key points are:
The Driftless Area of the Midwestern United States, particularly in southwestern Wisconsin, is a region that was surrounded by glaciers during the last ice age but was not covered by them[1][2][3]. This area, spanning around 15,000 square miles, is characterized by its unique topography of deep river valleys, steep bluffs, and rolling hills that were not flattened by glacial activity[1][2][3].
Geologists have determined that the Driftless Area was never entirely surrounded by ice at any one time, with glaciers advancing to the west, south, and east but leaving this central region untouched[2]. The lack of glacial "drift" (sediment and rocks deposited by glaciers) is what gives the Driftless Area its name[4][5].
The reasons why the Driftless Area escaped glaciation are still not fully understood, but theories include the area's porous bedrock, depth of the Great Lakes, and higher elevations providing resistance to the advancing glaciers[4][5]. This unique glacial history has resulted in the Driftless Area having a more diverse landscape and ecosystem compared to the surrounding glaciated regions[3][4].
Sources [1] The Driftless Area - Into The Outdoors https://intotheoutdoors.org/segments/the-driftless-area/ [2] [PDF] The Driftless Area - WGNHS https://wgnhs.wisc.edu/pubshare/ES057.pdf [3] Driftless Area History - Driftless Prairies: Native Ecosystems https://driftlessprairies.org/driftless-area-history/ [4] Driftless History - Cave Of The Mounds https://www.caveofthemounds.com/above-ground-destination-in-wisconsin/driftless-history/ [5] Where does the 'Driftless Area' get its name? The history, boundaries of ... https://www.wpr.org/environment/where-does-driftless-area-get-its-name-history-boundaries-southwest-wisconsin-region
Drumlins sound a lot like Gremlins, but have nothing to do with each other. Instead, here's what Wikipedia says about Drumlins:
A drumlin, from the Irish word droimnín ("little ridge"), first recorded in 1833, in the classical sense is an elongated hill in the shape of an inverted spoon or half-buried egg[1][2] formed by glacial ice acting on underlying unconsolidated till or ground moraine. Assemblages of drumlins are referred to as fields or swarms;[3][4] they can create a landscape which is often described as having a 'basket of eggs topography'.[5]
movement of glaciers in the swiss/french border area
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tomadmin
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my home town!
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tomadmin
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who knew there was a glacial boundary right around New York City?
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tomadmin
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is a musk ox really more of a musk sheep?
No, a musk ox is not really a musk sheep. Despite its name, the musk ox is more closely related to sheep and goats than to oxen, but it is its own distinct species. The musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) is the only living member of the Ovibos genus and is classified in the Caprinae subfamily, which includes sheep, goats, and other goat-antelopes[1][2][3][4].
While musk oxen share some similarities with sheep, such as their horns and wool-like underfur called qiviut, they are not the same species[1][5]. Musk oxen are larger, stockier animals with a distinctive shoulder hump, short legs, and a very short tail[5]. They are adapted to the harsh Arctic tundra environment, with their thick, shaggy coats and splayed hooves[5].
The musk ox gets its name from the strong, musky odor released by males during the mating season, but this smell is not actually musk[5]. Musk oxen are one of the oldest mammals in North America, having roamed the tundra for over 250,000 years[4].
George Frederick Wright's book "Man and the Glacial Period", published in 1896, was an influential work that explored the relationship between the Ice Age and human evolution. Some key points about the book:
- Wright was an American geologist and professor at Oberlin Theological Seminary who wrote extensively on topics connecting science and religion[1]. In this book, he argued for a form of theistic evolution.
- "Man and the Glacial Period" was part of the International Science Library series published by The Werner Company in Akron, Ohio around 1900[3]. The series included other notable works on evolution and science.
- The book discussed the evidence for the existence of humans during the Pleistocene glacial period, also known as the Ice Age[4]. Wright examined how the glaciers and climate changes of that era impacted the development and distribution of early human populations.
- "Man and the Glacial Period" was an important early work that helped establish the idea that humans coexisted with extinct megafauna and adapted to the dramatic environmental changes of the Pleistocene[4]. It was influential in the field of human evolution in the late 19th century.
So in summary, George Frederick Wright's 1896 book "Man and the Glacial Period" was a pioneering study that explored the relationship between the Ice Age and human origins, and was part of a significant series on science and evolution published in the late 1800s[3][4].
George Frederick Wright (January 22, 1838 – April 20, 1921) was an American geologist and a professor at Oberlin Theological Seminary, first of New Testament language and literature (1881 – 1892), and then of "harmony of science and revelation" (until retirement in 1907). He wrote prolifically, publishing works in geology, history, and theology. Early in his career he was an outspoken defender of Darwinism, and later in life he emphasised his commitment to a form of theistic evolution. Source: wikipedia
Voice Note Transcription
Man in the glacial period was written by george frederick wright in 1892it's an exploration of the relationship between the ice age and human evolution it's uh covers a wide range of topics has some really interesting drawings george frederick wright was a geologist and professor professor at Oberlin, and science and religion were sort of coming into contact with each other. Wright was a defender of Darwinism. He did have a commitment to theistic evolution, which I believe means uh this idea that uh god and god acts through the laws of nature um so i had a number of images in here that i thought were very interesting number seven is a map of the uk and this whole exhibit goes sort of all around the world and covers a lot of different subjects um uh and places so map of england read for i think where the glaciers were then image number. 12it's a lovely picture of the zermatt glacier and then we go to alaska in image number 17with the kenai peninsula not the kenai peninsula the southeastern part of alaska and the town of. Sitka. Then we go to page 27,where there's this area of Wisconsin, the driftless area of Wisconsin. So apparently in the glacial, there was a portion of the glaciers that didn't move. I think that's what that idea is. That's page 27. Then we go to page 30,where I learned about drumlins, which sound like gremlins, but not. They're little mounds that are left by the glaciers. And there's a bunch of them in Boston. How about that? In Newton, Brookline, and so forth, right around Boston College. So that's kind of cool. Then we go to page 42,where there's a map of the North Pole, which hadn't yet been, man had not been to the North pole. It was only 15-20years after the open polar sea was debunked. And so there's a lot of arrows on this map of where the glaciers were going to. And then we go to page 44,map of France, pretty cool with glacial movements there. And then page 69. 69,where we've got, sorry, 64first, the New York -New Jersey border was a glacial boundary. Who would have known that? And then page 69with implements from the glacial period, man -made implements. And then there's images of animals. I learned about a musk oxen, a musk sheep, it's called. I thought it was musk ox, but they call it musk sheep. And this book even gets into solar orbits on page 92. And on page 93,the movement of the Gulf Stream and other currents in the ocean and there was even a page i don't know if i covered this of my hometown the twin cities uh i think that was 6454. Anyway it's it's a wild ride a lot of really interesting maps and i encourage you to enjoy these images.
